toefl-prep

 

Prefixes--Amount, Relationship, Judgment, Other Prefixes

Page history last edited by Polly Howlett 1 yr ago

The activities are based on the text: Mahnke, M. K, & Duffy, C. (1996). The Heinemann ELT TOEFL Preparation Course. Oxford, UK: Heinemann.

 

Directions: Add the area of meaning and example words from the text.  Find additional example words and give a definition for the additional example words you found using the meaning given for the root or prefix.

 

RESOURCES:

 

Dictionary of Latin & Greek Words in Modern EnglishVocabulary (Put the prefix or root in the search area to find many words and definitions for it.)

Focusing On Words (searchable database of words of Latin and Greek origin, includes definitions for roots, prefixes, and suffixes)

Greek and Latin ROOTS of English (download; searchable for roots and prefixes/suffixes; quizzes included)

 

 

V7: Predict Meaning Using Prefixes--Amount, Relationship, Judment, Other

 

 Prefixes for Amount

 Area of Meaning

 Example Word

 2 Example words of your own

 Definition using the Area of Meaning

 Student

 

 

 

 

 

 XXXX

extra-

 excessive

 extravagant

 

extrasensory
 
extrasocial

 Beyond the normal function of the usual senses.

Space in which the fragmented, functionalized citizen can be formed into the well-rounded human being.

Gabriel

 

hyper-

too much

 hyperactive

 hypertension

 

 hypersensitive

 a medical condition in which a person has very high blood pressure

 if you say that someone is hypersensitive, you mean that they get annoyed or offended

 Yunmi

 

 hypo-

 too little

 hypoglycemic

 hypocrite

 

hypothetical

Pretend to have qualities, beliefs, or feelings that they do not really have.

 

It is based on possible ideas or situations rather than actual ones.

 Min Kyung

 Good work.

 omni-

 all, every

 omnicole

 

omnicredulity
 
omnicredulous

 The tendency to believe everything too readily

 

Ready or too easily disposed to believe everything

Jake

 

 out-

 surpassing

 outdo

 output

 

 outpoint

 is used to refer to the amount of something that a person or thing produces.

 

In boxing, if one boxer outpoints another, they win the match by getting more points then their opponent.

 

 Jung Won

 

 pene-

      almost

    peninsula

 antepenultimate,  penultimate

                         Anything that is the third from the end,

 

                      Second to the last in a series or sequence

 Yoshinori

 

 ultra-

 beyong

 ultramodern

 ultrasound

 

ultraviolet

 Sound waves which cannot be heard by the human ear, used for examining things happening inside the body.

Invisible to the human eye and having the effect of tanning the skin.

 Maria

 

under-

 less than

 underweight

 underclass

underrate

 the social class lowest in the social hierarchy

to rate or evaluate too low

 Kanae

 

 Prefixes for Relationship of together or separate

 

auto-

self

 autocratic

 autobiography

 

autocracy

 an account of a person's lofe written by that person

 

a system of government by one person with absolute power

 Kaori

 

self-

 

 

 

 

 Pape

 

 ab-

 away from

 

abdicate

abante

 To formally renounce, which is commonly done by a monarch of a throne

 

From before or in advance.

Helena 

 

 col-

 

 

 

 

Carlos

 

 com-

 

 with

 commune

 

commit
communicate
 

 To pledge devotion or dedication to someone or something.

To give or to interchange thoughts, feelings, information, or the like, by writing, speaking, etc. with someone.

 Gabriel

 

 con-

 with

 connect

concatenation

 

concerted

 A concatenation of things or events is their occurrence one after another because they are linked.

 

A concerted action is done by several people or groups working together.

 

 Yunmi

 

 co--

 together

 coordinate

cohere

 

coincide

 Something fit together well so that they form a united whole.

 

If one event coincides with another, they happen at the same time.

 Min Kyung

 

 sym-

 with,together

 

asymphytous

 

asymptote
 
 
parasymbiosis
 

 A straight line that a curve continually approaches, but never meets, even if the curve is extended to infinity.

 

The ability of two different types of organisms to exist closely with one another without giving an advantage or disadvantage to the other.

 Jake

 

 syn-

 together

 synthesis

 synchronize

 

 

 synonym

 If you synchronize two activities, processes, or movements, or if you synchronize one activity, process, or movement with another, you cause them to happen at the same time and speed as each other.

 

 a word or expression which means the same as another word or expression.

 Jung Won

 

Prefixes that make a judment

anti-

      against

    antitropic

           antibiotic, antidotal

                 Related to antibiosis, Relating to acting as an antidote

 Yoshinori

 

 contra-

 against

 contraception

 contrast

 to be very different from something else

 Maria

 

 dys-

 bad

 dysfunction

 

 

 Kanae

 

 mal-

 bad

 maladjusted

 maladroit

 

malady (malady)

 not clever or bad at being sensitive in the way you deal with people

 

formal or serious or bad problem in society

 Ayumi

 

 mis-

 bad, wrong, not

 

            mistake

           misfortune

 a wrong action or statement resulting from the faulty judgement

an instance of bad luck

 Pape

 

 bene-

 good ,well

 benefit

 

benevolence
benevolent

 Disposition to do good, desire to promote the happiness of others, kindness

 

Desirous of the good of others, of a kindly disposition, charitable, generous

 Helena

 

 eu-

 

 

 

 

 Carlos

 

 pro-

 

 for

 pro-education

 

Pro bono humani generis.
pro bono publico

 

For the good of humankind [mankind].
For the public good.

 Gabriel

 

 Other Prefixes 

ambi-

 both

 ambivalent

 ambidextrous

 

ambipolar

 Someone who is ambidextrous can use both their right hand and their left hand equally skilfully.

situations are dominated by two strong opposing opinions or elements

 Yunmi

 

 amphi-

 around

 amphitheater

 amphanthium

 

amphibiolite

 A dilated receptacle found in some inflorescences.

 

The remains of an amphibious animal found in the fossil state.

Min Kyung

 

 be-

 make

 believe

 beneficial

 

 bereave

 

 Jake

 

be-

  make

  befriend

 become

 

 

 bolong

 If someone or something becomes a particular thing, they start to change and develop into that thing, or start to develop the characteristics mentioned.


If something belongs to you, you own it.

 

 

 Jung Won

 

hetero-

       different

    heteradenic

     heteratomic, heteropsia

 Consisting of atoms of different kinds,

 

 Unequal vision in the two eyes

Yoshinori

 

hetero-

 different

 heterdox

 heterosexual

heterogeneous( Yunmi)

 sexual interest in members of the opposite sex.

A heterogeneous group consists of many different types of things or people.(Yunmi)

 

extra credit: Yunmi

 

 homo-

 same

 homogeneous

 homogenize

 

homonym

 to change something so that its parts become similar or rhe same

 

a word that is spelt the same and sounds the same as another,

but is different in meaning

Ayumi 

 

 

homo-

 same

 homogeneous

 homonym

 

homosexual

 A word having the same sound as another word, but a different meaning.

 

Sexually attracted to people of the same sex as yourself.

 

Maria

 

 meta-

 

 

 

 

Kanae

 

 meta-

 change

 metabolism

 metamorphose

 

metabolize

 to change completely and become something different,

or to make something change in this way

 

to change food in your body into energy and new cells

Ayumi

 

 neo-

 new

 neoclassicism

 neoteric

 

neonate

 belonging to recent times; recent, new or modern

 

a newborn child

Kaori

 

 

neo-

 

 

 neophyte

 someone who is new to something

Pape

 (Polly)

pseudo-

 false

 

 

pseudacusis
 
pseudacousis

 

Hearing sounds that don’t exist; false hearing.
 
A disorder of hearing in which the subject hears his own voice altered in timber and tonality.

Helena

 

 pseudo-

 

pseudonymous 

 pseudonym

 a fictitious name like when you write a book under a false name

Carlos

 (Polly)

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