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Latin and Greek Roots

Page history last edited by gopal 11 years, 5 months ago

Latin and Greek Roots The activities are based on the text: Mahnke, M. K, & Duffy, C. (1996). The Heinemann ELT TOEFL Preparation Course. Oxford, UK: Heinemann.

Directions:

Click EDIT PAGE (top).
From your handout, copy the area of meaning and example words.
From the RESOURCES below, find 5 additional example words.
Give a definition for two of the additional example words you found using the meaning given for the root or prefix. Highlight the root word in the definition.
For 2 words, give the definition using the root meaning and highlighting it.
Choose one word from your examples, and from the concordance in the resources below, copy a sentence with your word.
For that one word, write your own simple sentence, using the root meaning of the word. Highlight it.
Copy (CTRL+C) the information from the resources and paste (CTRL+V) it into the table in the Wiki.

RESOURCES:

Dictionary of Latin & Greek Words in Modern English Vocabulary (Put the prefix or root in the search area to find many words and definitions for it.).
To find definitions and additional words/expressions, see Online Dictionaries.
Concordance: Corpus of Contemporary American English (COCA). Click ENTER. Register yourself (free) and remember your username/password. Type the word(s) into the search string. Click KWIC (keyword in context) and then Search. On the right side you will see the word with the frequency of occurrence in the corpus. Click the word and select a sample sentence with the meaning you chose. Click MORE to get the entire sentence. Copy/paste it into the column.
Write a simple sentence of your own with the same word.

EXAMPLE:

Latin root	Area of meaning	Example words	5 additional Example Words	For 2 words, give the definition using the root meaning and highlight it.	For one of the words, copy a sentence from the concordance with your word.	For one word, write your own simple sentence, showing the root meaning.
belli-	war	belligerent	rebellious	ready to fight; resisting	Were you surprised by the recent outbreak of violence in India between Hindus and Christians? # A: Not really. Historically, these belligerent attitudes have been there.	I saw her belligerent attitude toward the interviewer.
		rebellion		armed resistance to authority
		bellicose		warlike

GROUP 1

Student	Latin root	Area of meaning	Example Words	5 Additional Example Words	For 2 words, give the definition using the root meaning and highlight it.	For one of the words, copy a sentence from the concordance with your word.	For one word, write your own simple sentence, showing the root meaning.	Comments	Evaluation
	act-	do	action react	Agenda	Things to be done, memoranda of items to be considered at a meeting	There will be no specific agenda or any structured dialogue, he said. I have many itens items on my agenda for today's meeting.
	agro-	field	agriculture agrarian	wild	Plant/animal living in a natural state, not changed or controlled by people	Recent studies of wild populations of birds and mammals have demonstrated the long-term effects of natal environments on survival and reproductive function later in life. Scientists have been observing the wild life for long decades.
	anthr-	human	anthropology philanthropist	anthogenesis				Where is your homework?
	aqua-	water	aquarium aqueous	aquaplane	A board pulled over the water by a motorboat and ridden by a person standing up.	My water-scooter runs through that patch of Aquaplane in a smooth way without hydrosnorkling.	My new aquaplane has broken since last vacation.	What about your own sentence for "aquaplane"?
	arch-	chief	monarch architect	archenemy	A chief enemy; someone’s main or worst enemy.	the The archenemy was the chief of the army.		Good, but let's use capital letters and periods, too.
	art-	skill	artist artisan artifact	1.artificial 2. article	1. Made by human skill; produced by humans; as, opposed to natural origins; such as, artificial flowers. 2. a piece of writing about a particular subject in a newspaper or magazine; or a thing, especially one of a group of things	1. Concordance sentence: Just that I was artificial, something about a lab in San Diego that created Humans from scratch. Own sentence: Her smile looks artificial. 2. Concordance sentence: The article drew lots of commentary, ranging from a column by George E Will in Newsweek to postings from the far reaches of the blogosphere. Own sentence: This is an article on that new teacher.		good! good example sentence good!
	belli-	war	bellicose, rebellion	1. belligerent 2. bellipotent	1. Relating to, or characteristic of, a participant in war or a fight 2. The force or power of war.	1. Concordance sentence: When asked about how this contrasted with his reputation for belligerent outbursts, he replied,'' I've heard it before.' Own sentence: He had a belligerent aspect to his personality. 2. Concordance sentence: Melville may have written about eighteenth-century Great Britain, but Vere's ship, the Bellipotent, is said to be an " apt " name for America. Own sentence: It is a bellipotent country.		good good not a common word
	biblio-	book	bibliography	1. biblicism 2. bibliolatry	1. The literal interpretation of the Bible. 2. Someone who has an excessive admiration or reverence for a book or books.	1. Concordance sentence: The attraction of biblicism is the appeal of an infallible sourcebook for answers. Own sentence: It is hard to understand something of biblicism. 2. Concordance sentence: But bibliolatry has proved to be trouble. Own sentence: It is not good to be a bibliolatry.		good Then the word is too difficult for you! difficult word!!!!

GROUP 2

Student	Latin root	Area of meaning	Example Words	5 additional Example Words	For 2 words, give the definition using the root meaning and highlight it.	For one of the words, copy a sentence from the concordance with your word.	For one word, write your own simple sentence, showing the root meaning.	Comments	Evaluation
	bio-	life	biography biology	Bioorganic	A reference to describe a carbon-based (organic) compound produced by a living organism or of biological importance.	Nowadays Now a days farmers are using bi-organic products to preserve the fertility of farms or lands.		How about your own sentence with bio?
	-cede, -ceed	go,yield	proceed concede, succeed	Recede Exceed	to move back or away from a limit, point, or mark. To surpass, to go beyond normal requirements or beyond the limit of	The train seemed to recede into the distance as we were watching. The police will give you a ticket if you exceed the speed limit.		excellent sentences -- from the concordance or your own?
	cert-	sure	certain certify certificate	ascertain	To discover and to determine by means of examination or experimentation.	We're still trying to ascertain who was driving the car.
	chron-	time	chronological, synchronize	chronic chronograph synchronicity	1. Of diseases, etc.; lasting a long time, long-continued, lingering, inveterate; opposed to acute. 2. Of long duration; continuous, constant, lingering, persistent, prolonged; habitual. 1. An instrument for recording time with extreme exactness; also, a watch or clock to which various mechanical devices are attached for the same purpose. It is used in astronomical and other observations, in the timing of races, etc. The phenomenon of events which coincide in time and appear meaningfully related but have no discoverable causal connection.	Concordance sentence “Better fifty years of Europe Than a cycle of Cathay,” murmured Dick, yielding once more to his chronic habit of quotation. Duffield, J. W. Modeled sentence Mary’s brother has become a chronic thief. Concordance sentence He took out his watch--a gold chronograph repeater. Marsh, Richard Modeled sentence A chronograph is a very important instrument in astronomy. Concordance sentence Mr. Eve, however, played down their lack of scheduling synchronicity. New York TimesApr 25, 2011 Modeled sentence It was a mere synchronicity that the he passed when I was near Founder's Hall.		very nice! Good job! Good very good! Gaudence, you don't need to use the words necessarily, but you can use the root in a sentence of your own.
	clar-	clear	clarify declare	claret clarion clarity	From 1398, "light-colored wine", from Old French claret, "clear (wine), light-colored red wine", from Latin clarus, "clear". 1. loud and clear 2. a medieval brass instrument with a clear shrill tone free from obscurity and easy to understand; the comprehensibility of clear expression	Concordance sentence I decided upon claret and hot water, never having tasted spirits. Oppenheim, E. Phillips (Edward Phillips) Modeled sentence I do not know why he always prefers claret to Heiken. Concordance sentence In a statement, he added: "Hopefully, these findings will be a clarion call to the scientific community for renewed focus on cassava." BBCFeb 28, 2012 Modeled sentence David was playing a clarion in the Mass. Concordance sentence Now there is no such clarity, just a story that only grows murkier, and never should have gotten out in the first place. New York TimesFeb 29, 2012 Modeled sentence Last week, we were asked to edit a passage for coherence and clarity.		interesting word! It might be more useful to find words that are used more frequently. nice! good excellent!
	cogn-	know	recognize cognition	precognition incognito incognizant	1. Of the nature of, or giving, foreknowledge. 2. The extrasensory perception of a future event. 1. Someone who acts or travels in disguise so as to be unrecognizable. 2. The character, disguise, or name assumed by someone who is attempting to be unrecognizable. Not cognizant; that is, without cognizance, knowledge, or apprehension of; unaware, unconscious of.	Concordance sentence Let us speak of it no more; you will receive notice when, where, and by whom, we are to take your precognition. Stevenson, Robert Louis Modeled sentence It seems that I have never experienced the precognition. Concordance sentence But Mr. Incognito remained by her side, supporting her and reminding her that things could have been worse. New York TimesJan 9, 2012 Modeled sentence He said he is afraid of incognito people. Concordance sentence Of those around him it was quite clear that he was altogether incognizant. Carleton, William Modeled sentence She was incognizant when they took her to hospital.		good! good! nice Better: Celebrities prefer to travel incognito. nice Hmmh, this would be "incoherent". Better: She was incognizant of her surroundings during her illness.
	corp-	body	corporation corpus corpse	corporal	Of the human body;bodily;physical: corporal suffering.	" Then he swung a canvas gym bag over his shoulder and reported to a corporal with a clipboard in his hand. !! Corporal punishment was abolished in Britain in 1986.		Where is your own sentence?
	cum-	heap	cumulative accumulate	cumbersome	A process or system that is cumbersome is slow and difficult.	Franois quit his black steed with deft agility, tugging off the cumbersome helmet with agitation. Learning Engilish is a cumbersome process.		good Nice!

GROUP 3

Student	Latin root	Area of meaning	Example Words	5 additional Example Words	For 2 words, give the definition using the root meaning and highlight it.	For one of the words, copy a sentence from the concordance with your word.	For one word, write your own simple sentence, showing the root meaning.	Comments	Evaluation
	dem-	people	democracy, demography	pandemia	of or belonging to the whole people,public,general. The concordance sentence: serious book with stuff about tulips in it. " It was the contagion of pandemia: The gullible DO N'T DISRESPECT THE TULIP The mania surrounding this flower in 17th-century. The modeled sentence: The contagion of Pandemia is disrespectable in 17^th century.			hmmh, there are better words with dem-, Faeza. This is not a common one.
	dict-	speak	dictate, predict, verdict	benediction	An expression of good wishes; something that encourages goodness or well being. The concordance sentence: I might have been more frightened of her had she not given me an early benediction of her smile. The modeled sentence: My father gave me useful benediction for travelling.			good good
	don-, donat-	give	donation, pardon, donate	Condone	Allowing something which is considered wrong to continue The concordance sentence: "School officials said that they would not condone that kind of behavior". The modeled sentence: Smoking would not be condoned inside building on campus.			good word! good nice!!!!
	duct-	lead	conduct, educate	aqueduct	a structure like a bridge, that carries water across a river or valley. sentence: The Romans, they had the aqueduct system of delivering water and the sewage systems.			Where is the sentence from the concordance? good
	fac-, fact-	do, make	factory, manufacture	abortifacients	a drug (or other chemical agent) that causes abortion. sentence: Abortifacients became commercially available by the mid-1700s .			not a useful word!
	fer-	bear, carry	transfer, ferry	defer deference	The tradition is that the courts defer to the executive when it comes to matters of war. Library staff decide to defer opening date.
	fig-	form	figure, effigy, figment	disfigurement effigy	An appearance that has been spoiled or is misshapen. His disfigurements were caused by an accident. Do you love your Effigy so much, Tira? Shall we not stand and fight? I like Venus's effigy.			Where is the concordance sentence? good!
	gen-	creation birth race		congenital biogenesis	Of or relating to a condition that is present at birth, as a result of either heredity or environmental influences her congenital inability to make decisions The theory that living things can arise only from other living things and cannot be spontaneously created. To complement genetic approaches we are establishing a confocal based screen for small molecules that interfere with peroxisome biogenesis.			Where are the concordance sentences? Where are your own sentences?

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Latin and Greek Roots

Latin and Greek Roots

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Syllabus

Latin and Greek Roots, Group 1, 2, 3

Latin and Greek Roots, Group 4, 5, 6

Latin and Greek Roots, Group 7, 8, 9

Prefixes-negation-number-size-time

Prefixes--Place

Prefixes--Amount, Relationship, Judgment, Other Prefixes

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